Examples of Self Fufilling Prophecy in Today's Media Research Paper

Examples of Self Fufilling Prophecy in Todays Media - Research Paper ExampleMovies and films of Rambo and Schwarzenegger portray terrorists as Islam fundamentalists triggering a host of discriminatory actions among the populace. Given the billions of dollars spent on the war against terrorism and the widespread and extensive media propaganda campaign, it should be logical to conclude that terrorism has been greatly diminished ten years after the September 11, 2001 tragedy. On the contrary, the War on Terrorism has become a self fulfilling prophecy where terrorist activity exponentially step-upd. To lineup The Rand Corporation for the National Memorial Institute for the Pr yettion of Terrorism (MIPT) reveals that there has been a 250 percent increase in terrorist activity from September 11, 2001 to September 2006 alone. If we divide post 9/11 into two phases until 2006, the commencement phase has 4772 fatalities from terrorist attacks and the second phase has 5177 fatalities (Conet ta, 2006). Thus, all efforts to counter terrorism has only effected in their increase. The US war against Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Libya, North Korea and others in fact encourages ordinary citizens from these countries to launch attacks against the US comparable or even similar to terrorists acts.

Coca cola company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

coca cola federation - Research Paper ExampleThe Atlanta based organization grew profusely contempt the hindrances alert in the market environment. By the mid 20th century, Coca Colas development rate overwhelmed that of its competitors, and with an increased product line to serve diverse consumer needs on the global scales (Petretti, 2008). The pursual is an informative approach to defining Coca Colas business programs and its portfolio in maintaining success as a market leader in the beverage industry. The companys delegation parameter and outline Coca Colas explosive charge statement stipulates that its operations in the beverage industry judge to refresh, inspire, and create value to the world with a vision of achieving sustain up to(p) growth through utilization of resources globally. Arguably, the company growth and expansion in the beverage industry remains unchallenged despite Pepsis make to overcome the dominance. Considerably, Coca Colas success in the industry se ems to be integral to the preparation of over 500 brands to the global consumer. These advantageous contributions of the companys management to the beverage markets yield remarkable consumer loyalty (Alirezaei, 2013). Actually, the companys marginal difference in the market share value varies greatly with its challengers whether at a foreign-local or at the international platform. The companys mission statement changes from time with reference to the evolving consumer needs and wants. Currently, Coca Cola sets its mission as targeting to refresh the world through provision of the favorite drinks. Through the mission, the company seeks refreshment to prevail over the mind, body, and spirit of consumers thus inspiring optimism and actions on its brands (Payne, & Frow, 2013). Eventually, the company draws conclusions of yielding valuable returns on its investment because of the positive reactions of customers in the global markets. Evaluation of the mission statement The company mis sion statement focuses on the markets maculation neglecting other essential utilities that could create more value and undoubted performance in the company. During the evaluation process, all the factors of production, processing, and supply reflected different values while seek to identify the companys valuable outcomes. For instance, it is evident that the mission statement fails to account for the customers, products, and services while stipulating on its devotion to reach the markets profitably (Alirezaei, 2013). Secondly, Coca Colas mission statement fails to embarrass technology, concern for survival in the beverage industry, while outlining its philosophy of refreshing the world. Through expert analysis, the mission lacks the inclusion of self-concept, concerns on Coca Colas public image, and its employees. The evaluative approach ascertains that the mission does non mention the values like citizenship, integrity, excellence, and teamwork (Petretti, 2008). Therefore, the statistical mark accredited to the companys mission statement amounts to 1.3/4.5 of the score. Arguments are that the companys success in the global market sector emanates from the highly recognized and standardized beverages in the global markets. It is certain that the company focuses on the presence of tastes and preferences of the consumer and then produces matching beverages to existing and emerging needs. Further, the poorly structured mission statement is technically incorporated to the vision thus it is able to influence the market variables

Essay on The monthly LME spot price for aluminium in USD per tonne

On The monthly LME spot monetary value for aluminium in USD per tonne between June 2008 and June 2014 - Essay ExampleChinas economical growth during the period of the fluctuations in the prices of aluminium affected the price of the metal. Secondly, there was a consolidation of the steel industry affecting the cut down of the prices in the metal across the globe. More so, global warming and carbon sequestration must in addition have had a hand in the fluctuations in the aluminium prices. Finally, the rising costs of production and the passing game of value of the US dollar must played a role in the intensifys in price of the same product.Historically, the prices of metals across the board always had a positive or an upward trend whereas the dollar kept at a constant for long period of time. The duration and amplitude of price fluctuations in the case in question must have been as a result of numerous change in the economic strength of the metal market in general (ASWATHANARAYAN A,2012).Considerations in supply and beseech of aluminium and unexpected events like natural disasters and accidents do influence the variations in the price of the aluminium during that tending(p) period of time. The global events in question are like recessions, economic growth and inflation do affect or influence the trend in the prices of the aluminium. The demand for metal in China was a result of the infrastructural expansion in the country. I think, in August 2008, the increase in price of aluminium was a result of the increased demand in the aluminum metal due to the intensive breeding in china ta that specific time. The inflation and recession of 2008 that affected most countries in the human must have been reasons for the fluctuations in aluminium prices. Minerals have a high tendency of losing when it comes to changes in the economic climate of the market and the general market. Inflation made the demand for the aluminium go down wind to the fluctuation in price dur ing that period of June 2008 to June 2014 (

Psychology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Psychology - Research Paper casingWith regard to these chapters, this paper assesses the role played by nature in a childs development.Many scholars argue that genetics determine human development (Kendra 2). Genes determine heredity and every individual has genes from his or her parents- mother and father. These genes are responsible for determining characteristics such as skin tint, height, weight and the colour of ones hair. They also determine how a person acquires cognitive skills as well as directing the mental processes and physical features. Genes are passed from one generation to another. The two main types of genes-dominant and recessive, determine a childs physical look. They also influence the rate at which a child grows (Gilbert 22). Therefore, children whitethorn start doing some activities earlier than others depending on their genetic characteristics. For instance, some can begin sitting without attention by the age of 6 months. This may be delayed or may come p rimaeval in other children. Genes are also responsible for genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis and rational palsy (Kendra 7). If a parent has such disorders, they are likely to pass them onto their children who will also do the same to the future generations. However, the environment under which a child grows also largely determines the physical and biological development of a child (Berger 50). A foetus that is exposed to chemicals and pollutants develops in a different room compared to one that develops in a clean womb (Kendra 9). For example, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome caused by exposure of a foetus to alcohol while in the womb leads to physical as well as cognitive malfunctions.Nutrition influences physical and social development (Gilbert 41). A well fed child grows up to be healthy and enjoys all childhood activities. On the contrary, a poorly fed child is weak and may not enjoy what other children do since play and learning is hindered by malnutrition.

Strategic Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

strategic Planning - Essay ExampleA careful analysis of an organizations Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) helps in assessing the performance of current strategies, evolution new ones to overcome the weaknesses, integrate new decisions to avoid threats and strategic decisions made to avail the opportunities. Strategic preparedness is the process whereby, organizations put the strategies and ideas developed by strategic thinking into action. Strategic thinking keep backs strategic mean which result in strategic decision making of an organization. Strategic thinking is not merely an imaginative approach of thinking and analyzing situations which may arise as a result of a particular step, investment funds or change in the organization. Strategic thinking involves a goal oriented approach which is support by critical analysis of the forces which surround the results of a particular decision and the ability to develop responses to those forces. Hence, strategic thinking is the first process of implementing strategic concern concepts. Strategic planning is the process whereby, organizations struggle in order to integrate the strategies developed by strategic thinking. Strategic planning is the struggle to practically throw concepts and ideas developed through strategic thinking in the business and assess the predictable future of the changes or strategies introduced. In order to implement the planned strategies, strategic leadership provides a vision and direction to successfully strike the aims of an organization. Strategic leaders are responsible to direct the workforce with appropriate instructions, guidance and directions to achieve the goals which are developed through strategic planning process. (3)Present the Mozilla/Firefox SWOT analysis clearly, using a bullet, list, or tabular format with categorical headings, providing a clear delineation of individual items. Strengths Open-source community sudden in opening web pages Ability to resist hackers and viruses High-tech with many new technologies embedded much(prenominal) as the tabbed browsing system, the download manager attachment, etc. Command over 15% market dispense for browsers Open nature for discussion within the organization. Weaknesses Revenues are dependent on Google (contractual basis) Highly dependent on external volunteers/developers The high dependence on external volunteer/developers may not be multipurpose or highly innovative and may waste time of the organsation to pursue such ideas. The company being a non-profit organization waits for voluntary investors, this may lead to untimely funding which may not be useful as the funds would not be available at times when the actual search/design is actually carried. Opportunities Building a network of volunteers that would help in the provision of technical support through telephone, email, etc. Further innovation through technological advancement. Threats High innovation requirements due to arguing The companys inability to cope with technological advancement at any point in time would lead other competitors to take over. Lack of confidentiality issues. The success of Internet Explorer 7 or any other web browser. (Freedman, 2007) (4) Indicate the implications of your analysis for planning and implementation, including recommendations that seem to follow your analysis. Strategic management requires a three part structure for thinking about strategy Strategic position, strategic choices and lastly implementation of those strategies

Self-Defence and the War on Terror Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Self-Defence and the War on Terror - Essay ExampleSelf-defence seems to be the viable option for many states in the office of force. Some states have even managed to justify their actions under self-protection principles, even if their actions did not exactly play the minimum requirements of Article 51. Since self-defence is an exception to Article 2(4), the policy of the courts in interpreting self-defence has loosely been on the adoption of restrictive considerations (Sahmoudi, 2010). An attempt to expand the coverage of self-defence has been considered under anticipatory self-defence, an blast which is carried out before any initial attack by an aggressor state has been launched. However, widespread borrowing of this new concept has been largely. When the collapse of the USSR caused the world to accept the regime of the US as the one remain super agent, the possibilities for more general claims on the right to use force has been seen. Most of these possibilities have centre d on self-defence and the right to defend against an anticipated attack. ... One of the main issues in this debate has revolved around whether or not a person has to strictly interpret the legal basis of the Charter or whether or not there can be a more lenient or flexible industry of the rules in relation to the current changes in the global community (Bring and Fisher, 2004). The settlement of this debate has been based on a positivist approach to international law. This positivist approach points out that international law be standards which must be interpreted as set rules for similar scenarios, and therefore must be value by all states. Another approach is the realistic approach which mandates international laws as a room of fulfilling goals and securing some values on the other (Sahmoudi, 2010). The positivist approach is supported by those who believe in the need to control expansion and the use of force and selfish interests (Crossley, 2008). The realistic approach theor ists base their perceptions on concepts of human dignity they justify the use of force as a means of confronting an evil power (Crossley, 2008). In the current context, this paper shall now consider the application of self-defence in the face of the save war against terrorism. Its legality and its appropriate applications shall be evaluated in this paper. Decisions of the International Court of Justice, as well as opinions rendered by legal scholars the court shall also be discussed. Body After the September 11, 2001 attacks on the US, the UN hostage Council immediately passed a resolution which basically condemned the attack. The Security Council also reiterated its goal of opposing all threats on national and international security initiated by terrorist organizations (Berdal, 2003). It also acknowledged the right of states to

Managing Organizational Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Managing Organizational communion - Essay ExampleImproving listening skills and learning to use and interpret nonverbal cues and verbal conference will care effective communicating. Effective feedback is essential to let employees know where they stand and direct them to help achieve organisational goals.Organizations are made up of groups which are again made up of individuals. For manduction of selective information and coordination of activities, communicating is absolutely necessary between groups and individuals. Individuals exchange association, ideas, feelings and emotions using written messages, spoken language and gestures.Organizations survive by making sense of and giving sense to their environments (Sutcliffe, 2001, p.197). Organizations collect, comprehend, communicate and control flows of environmental information to deal with foreseen and unforeseen issues. According to various researches, the success of an organization is based on the organizations collective k nowledge about its process capabilities and the abilities to learn and share this knowledge effectively (Parnisto, 1995, p.154). Sharing information is imperative for bestow coordination and cooperation in an organization. ... Managers facilitate organizational communicationCommunication plays an essential role in achieving managerial and organizational goals and objectives effectively. Communication is essential to inform employees of their goals, to compare with co-workers performance, and for assessing employees overall performance. Managers, through appropriate channels of communication, give book of instructions to subordinates and receive information. Managers interpret this information and communicate the same to the employees. To do this, managers should have good communication and indication skills, as, ultimately, the employees interpretation of information depends on the accuracy of the managers comprehension of the information and the effectiveness of their communicat ion (Managing communication, 2004, p.264).Role of communication in decision-makingManagers take decisions that often have a major impact on the organization and its members. making relevant and sound decisions is greatly dependent on the availability of accurate and timely information (Managing communication, 2004, p.264). The space of the communication chain is a significant factor that affect the accuracy and timeliness of the information received. The more(prenominal) the number of links in the communication chain, the more the probability is of the information being distorted. Similarly, the longer the communication chain, the less the chances are of getting the information on time. Economic recession and competitive pressures have compulsive several organizations to reduce the number of managerial levels in the organizational hierarchy, thus facilitating more effective

Log 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Log 4 - Essay ExampleUpon my arrival, I met the reserve in charge, and she assigned me to a case involving the prep of a patient for the operation path. The nurse in charge requested the Registered Nurse (RN) in charge of the Operation Room (OR) schedule to wangle my undertakings. Jerriann, the RN, was in charge of the most recent OR case that was scheduled for 11.30 a.m. The initiatory task entailed preparing a patient that was in the recovery room for the operation room. In order to begin working on the patients preparation we had to wait for the whole police squad to arrive. The anesthetist first talked to the patient in the beginning we could initiate the preparation. My role as a CNS in the preparation for OR entailed ensuring that the patients safety was upheld during the transfer process into the OR. The role of ensuring patient safety as a CNS is grand in shaping the direction of managed care outcomes, therefore, I had to make sure that protocols of transfer to the OR and preparation were observed. As part of this task, I had to carry out double checks to ensure that the IV lines were appropriately positioned, the face rails were up and the indwelling catheters were secure and well knotted to avoid any dislodge.After terminus of the checks and observation of transfer protocols, the patient was safely transferred to the operation room. Once safely positioned in the operation room the nursing team began preparing the patient to receive spinal anesthesia. The process was quite challenging because the nursing team took almost one hour to properly insert the needle. The challenge was due to the fact that there was roughly resistance encountered during the insertion process. However, the process was finally successful on a second attempt. Everything was set to go after the completion of the anesthetists process, and the operation team started operating on the patient. Perhaps the first anomaly that I noted about the process is the fact that the team had failed

Descriptive Statistics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Descriptive Statistics - Coursework Exampleanother(prenominal) group of information was collected using nominal scale. This was data on the married status of respondents. The investigator thought it prudent to collect data on the marital status of respondents because it is common knowledge that the marital status of a person may affect his or her learning in unmatched focus or the other. The reason why this is so, is that marriage changes the usual personal roles of a person in one way or the other (Fuchs et al, 1997). The data collected on the marital status of respondents was computed and have been displayed below.From the data presented above, it can be seen that majority of the respondents are not married. Their percentage is 58%, which is more than half of the nub sample size. This was followed by 14% who were married and 5% who were widows. The least percentage was 2% representing those who are divorced. development a likert scale, the researcher collected a nominal data ( Danielle 2009 Cheng, 2009) on the impact of a 2-tier course on student performance. Respondents were given sloppedd ended alternatives to select their responses from. It would be noted that a close ended question gives respondents specific answers from which they have to make a choice (Choi et al, 2008). The choice of answers given to respondents were indicated as insignificant, slightly significant, significant and very significant. In order to be able to use the SPSS in determination the base of the responses, the answers were scored as 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. The over all responses have been represented in the prorogue below.Judging from the responses in the table and as computed with the SPSS, it can be said that there are numerous respondents who root for the use of 2-tier curriculum as an intervention for improving the academic performance of students. This is judged from the fact that the mean score as computed was more than the average score (Gardener, 2008).Choi, K., Hoff, C.,

Ohashi Atake No Yudachi Sudden Shower Over Shin-Ohashi Bridge And Essay

Ohashi Atake No Yudachi Sudden Shower Over Shin-Ohashi tide over And Atake. Research Paper - Essay ExampleIndeed such abstractions have empowered the picture to disembowel its viewers universally. It is evident that Hiroshiges artwork communicates with the viewers through a particular space-time hyaloplasm that essentially has exceeded the limitation of time. Hiroshiges Sudden Shower over Shin-Ohashi Bridge and Atake is fraught with a restore of themes that serve him with the scope to convey a versatile and multifaceted meaning. Formal Analysis In a typical evening, it has suddenly started to rain heavily from the sagging dark clouds. The almost discernible raindrops have form an opaque curtain of slant crisscrossing lines showing their downward tracks. Through this curtain of rains, one can regulate the massive Shin Ohashi Bridge, standing high in the gray-blue expanse of the Sumida. Hurrying men and women are nerve-racking to protect themselves with umbrellas, a traditional J apanese straw mat or hat from the torrents of rain. Meanwhile, the boatman in the Sumida River is sailing to his destination in an indifferent posture to the torrents of rains. ... Japanese Ukiyo-e or a picture of rootless world often ventures to capture the beauty of a short-fleeting moment, as a contemporary Japanese artist, Asai Ryoi defines ,it as following Living only for the moment, turning our full attention to the pleasures of the moon, the snow, the cherry blossoms Sakura and the maple leaves.diverting ourselves in just floating, floating... refusing to be disheartened..this is what we call the floating world.2 The theme of an Ukiyo-e often is associated with to empathy towards things or a sensitivity of transitoriness of things3 since an Ukiyo-e is the visual version of mono no aware. According to Khoon Choy Lee, the overriding theme of an Ukiyo-e is the sense of the transience, of things, that produces a sense of bittersweet cognition of how things flow inevitably flow come forth into the past.4 Since things flow out the past or beauty is not everlasting, human attempt to retain it forever essentially gives produce to the pathos.5 In the three-dimensional landscape of Shin-Ohashi, the iconographic appearance of the hurrying men and women sketched from a remote vantage hitch and viewed through the opaque curtain of rain conveys the static dynamism of his theme of the floating world. Indeed the opacity rainy texture contributes to the pictures mysterious and uncertain environment. The artists vantage in the picture greatly allows the remote objects and the people turn into almost abstraction using contours in implied lines. though the use of light and shadow clearly contributes to the realism of Hiroshiges work, the glow of the light surpasses the reality of its automated teller and adds to its surrealism to a

Motivating the Employees Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

motivating the Employees - Case Study ExampleIf Maryann is solely responsible for such behavior, then Burt can set Harriet Simon, who had incessantly maintained the reports properly, as an example. However, Maryann failed to properly record the data, and this created grievances among the employees. Such irresponsible behavior by Maryann can comfortably reduce the productivity of the employees. Burt needs to communicate to Maryann that such incident occurring due to her actions might lower the morale of the staff. In order to correct the irresponsible behavior of Maryann, it is quite imperative for Burt to act immediately to cite the reasons for her actions and take corresponding measures to improve the behavior of Maryann and thus stimulate responsible work. Maryann must be reminded of the policies and the procedures of the familiarity that she is supposed to abide by. The meeting can be conducted with Maryann and other employees to discuss the incidents of irresponsibility. D uring this meeting, the impacts of such unfavorable scenario on the organizational productivity should be addressed and certain corrective strategies developed.Burt could have prevented the dilemma by qualification his viewpoints apparent to Maryann at the time when he realized that the attitude of Maryann was quite unfavorable and she was incapable of accomplishing the delegated task. If Burt had reverse Maryann at the time she committed a mistake, he would have conveniently prevented the dilemma from occurring. If the evidence of ridiculous performance had been produced before Maryann, the matter would have been resolved. When the evidence reveals the fact that there is an issue with an individuals performance in terms of conduct, then it is necessary to refer to an organizations disciplinary procedure. culture and coaching could have been offered to Maryann in order to improve her skills. Through adequate mentoring, Burt could have developed the intimacyand the skills of Mar yann. It is apparent from the case that Maryann was not serious enough and also did not properly focus on her job responsibilities.

Improve skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Improve skills - Essay ExampleFinally, three assorted ways of attaining the above skills has been presented in the project for each of the skills. Improvement Area 1 Diversity As per the survey designed to evaluate skills, diversity was the intimately important aspect which requires to be improved. It is realized that it is most important to inculcate diversity in the personality in order to flexibly manage the influence of external changes on the personality. The most effective way of improving on the above skill would be to adopt new ways of thinking for a particular issue. This could be possible by inculcating the better ways in which people act in various situations. The best way would be to lift out account of the different challenges, diverse strengths, and interests in a particular situation and resolve the same in the most effective way. This would be effective in exploitation a personality which would be suited for handling a grand variety of situations. The diverse nature of personality would be able to expeditiously trade different challenges and hurdles in different situations (Kinicki, 2009). Another way of acquiring diversity skills would be to cook in such groups which comprises of members who are different in characteristics and nature. This would allow the adoption of a wide range of knowledge and skills which would further stimulate divergent thinking. It would help in learning to manage conflicts, handle negative emotions and resurrect effective communications (Kruglanski & Higgins, 2004, p.168). Mentoring would be another possible way of enhancing diverse and baffleing diverse skills. Paring of a junior employee with a senior matchless helps to create learning and promotional opportunities for people. This could also include pairing individuals from different cultural backgrounds, races, gender, etc. This method helps to remove stereotypical behaviors, beliefs and attitudes among individuals and gallop their knowledge base (Wil liams, 2008, p.461). Improvement Area 2 Attitudes The arrivement of positive attitudes was realized as one of the most important requisites of being management professionals as they play to success in many cases. beginning of all a person needs to know which attributes are unique to him only. It is crucial to develop and enhance that skill as it adds to the motivation for mastering the knowledge which is required to reach the goals. It is important to actively concentrate responsibilities, honestly pursue them and on successful completion of the task, accept compliments from oneself (White, 2005, p.4). A person could hear and overcome shortcomings in his personality. This would include developing skills in areas where the person lacks confidence and gain expertise in that field. The growth of knowledge and skills in a domain in which a person lacks expertise helps develop self confidence and develops positive attitudes in the individual (Verma, 2005, p.11). It is important to foc us on hard work and think positively about oneself. The idea is to out the maximum effort in what the person wants to chance on and not to give up easily. It is also important to create better impression on others which in turn encourages them to help him (Rinke, n.d.). Improvement Area 3 Self Concept Self concept is ground on self evaluation. It is important that the individual makes his self assessment correctly in order to develop self

Women as Property and Marriage as Slavery (responses) Assignment

Women as Property and Marriage as Slavery (responses) - Assignment lawsuitAlso, I agree with Anthonys rail lines on the need to list women in the property rights and ownership. This is because men atomic number 18 less responsible in managing property and children through their ill behaviors of drunkenness and licentiousness. In this case, women stand a greater chance of suffering in the society given that they depend on men for casual bread and property. That is why Anthony states, Most prosecutions in our courts concern breach of promise, divorce, adultery, bigamy, seduction and rape.I disagree with outhouse Stuart Mills arguments on the subjection of women. It is essential for women to have rights and freedom of existence in a free world. The legal subordination of women to men due to the natural acts that state, The conquered should obey the conquerors should be a disregarded past. Women and men should have a perfect equality where both have powers, privileges, independence and development records on a personal ground (Mill 74).I also support the arguments of Engels on the need to create a worker-run state socialism where there would be formation of trade and wage labor unions and abolish capitalism. Engels derived his argument from the fact that women suffered inequality in a capitalist society where there was inequality in workplaces and homes. He states, The division of labor between two sexes is determined by quite other causes than by bureau of women in the society. Consequently, the society should empower women since they take part in agriculture, amassing surplus wealth and property still they are not entitled to ownership in the government (Engels,

Hyperthermia Treatment for Cancer Research Paper

Hyperthermia Treatment for crabby person - Research Paper ExampleWe receive been able to find out that hyperthermy can become an effective rule in the intercession of cancer with a little careful administration because a number of studies have shown that the survival send and the rate of responsibility towards other drugs of cancer increases when they get combined with hyperthermia.The building blocks of our body are cells. Cancer takes place when there is an abnormal growth of cells in our body. The causes of cancer are generally genetic turn or a defect in the chromosome of the genes. When the cell in our body multiplies rapidly and forms a excrescence it is called cancer or malignant tumor. Even at such an age of advancement, it is still difficult to decipher the true causes of cancer but a variety of research carried out in this field has assumption some guidance with regard to the causes of cancer and its treatment. (Dollinger et al, 2002, p. 3). Effective cancer treatm ent needs a junto of multiple medical specialties. The scopes of new capacities in the treatment of cancer are always expanding and the specialists are ever adopting those techniques to treat the disease successfully. A treatment process should be such that it incorporates maximum benefit in the removal of the disease. (Chabner and Longo, 2005, p.1).The aim of this discussion is to find out the effectiveness of hyperthermia as a method to treat cancer. At the same time, we will also find out as to why hyperthermia is most effective. When the application of hyperthermia becomes most effective is also one of the objectives of our study. Last but non the least we will also look at the limitations which hyperthermia has in the treatment of cancer.This discussion has broadly been qualitative in nature.

International Business Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International Business - Term Paper utilizationToy fabrication is one of the growing industries of the world. It encompasses both electronic and non electronic playacts and games. The global chat up fabrication is not just associated with games and fun, rather it is dubbed as one of the hypercompetitive industries. The sector is characterized by secret product using practices and occasional indictment of corpo enumerate surveillance. Some of the major players in this industry are Hasbro, MGA Entertainment, Matteland, LEGO, Namco Bandai, Sanrio, Barbie and Steiff among others. In addition, the bid hardware division sometime also comes under the plaything industry. In this segment, Nintendo, Sony and Microsoft are the major players. The industry is driven by product innovation and strategic licensing. The reason behind strategic licensing acting as one of the key drivers of the industry is because most of the revenue of the meet industry generates from exporting or abroad mark eting activities. On the other hand, product innovation is the only tool through which thousands of toy manufacturing companies variousiates themselves from the others. The charge in the population of children of below 12 years of age is playing a decisive employment in increasing the demand for toys across the globe. As a result of that, the industry is growing at a steady pace. According to reports, in the year 2012 the toy industry was estimated to be at a pry of 84 billion U.S. dollars. Out of the total industry value, around 20 billion is attributed to the US market only. Hence, it is obvious that in terms of total turnover USA is the leader of global toy industry. However, majority of the toys being used in the country is imported. Apart from the US, another major player in the toy industry is China. Some of the cheaper plastic toys that are prime in stores, restaurants, daycares centers, fairs, homes and cereal boxes that are found across the globe are mostly manufacture d in China. In terms of production, the Chinese toy industry is the largest in the world. The industry generates billions of dollars and also employs millions of people across the globe. Hence, from the points made above it is believed that the scenario of the global toy industry is clear to the reader. (Source Pierstransportation, 2012) In this report, a comparison of the southeasterly African toy industry and Seychelles toy industry will be carried out and do to the same, the study will make use of the different strategies and frameworks proposed by Michael E. Porter. Once a comparison between the two countries is drawn, the report seeks to provide a additive conclusion and recommendations pertaining to the caveats of investment and the occupation activity required to operate efficiently in that market place. South African Toy Industry Overview The overall scenario of the toy industry in South Africa is pleasant for the business owners as well as the government. The high turnov er of the industry is playing effective roles in fortify the national economy of South Africa. The toys and games section witnessed a strong growth in terms of the value achieved. However, during the year 2009 when the country suffered a major economic downturn, the toy industry was negatively impacted. As per reports, the gross sales of traditional toys reached US$72.4 in the year 2009, thereby reflecting a decline of 3% from the previous year. wholeness of the reasons for this is the shifting trends of consumers. The construction toys and activity toys accounted for the largest share of 18.5%. On the other hand, the sales figure of dolls and figure toys declined by 5%. In the similar way, the sale of indoor games also declined by 3% (Euromonitor, 2009). Furthermore, the recovery rate was also extremely slow due low spending of consumers in such products. As a result of that the industry is still in the process of recovery. The secondary research about the South African toy indu stry has shown that the country has been a major toy exporter (Hill and Jones, 2012). Furthermore, reports have also suggested that the

Salem Witchtrails Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Salem Witchtrails - Essay characterWithout warning, the hysteria in the Puritan Massachusetts ended abruptly in the same manner it had erupted. (Hill 233) It was only(prenominal) after a review of the trials by the colonial government did the reality of the unfair trials and consequent cobblers last judgments emerge as a grave mistake. Despite the compensation offered to the families of the convicted, it did little in erasing the gross jeer of justice that had occurred. The aftermath of the hysteria left behind a myriad of questions touching on detriment and what exactly led to the widespread paranoia. To understand these fundamental questions, a brief account of the events that led to the swan of hysteria is necessary. The Christians of several centuries past had superstitious belief that witchcraft was a gift from the Devil to sure people in return for loyalty (Linder). Consequently, the witches would use their newly acquired powers for acts of evil against others. Inhabitan ts of Salem village were largely displaced people as a result of King Williams War with the French in the American colonies (Linder). The mass influx of the displaced people to Salem resulted to strain over its resources. Consequently, this led to increase in contender between two opposing groups. Those who depended on agriculture and elite families whose wealth were dependent on the expression of Salem. This rivalry between the two classes of groups was one of the underlying causes of the impending hysteria that would soon erupt. Moreover, tensions were also paramount over control of the pulpit between the Porter and Putnam clans. The situation was father compounded after the ordaining of exalted Samuel Parris. The people of Salem loathed him because his was greedy and rigid. Majority of the Puritan villagers cleand all the continuous bickering and quarrelling on the Devil and his witchcraft agents (Linder). The precipitating event that eventually triggered the mass hysteria was an account of some superstitious event in Reverend Parris household. During the winter period of 1692, Reverend Parris young daughter and niece, Elizabeth and Abigail respectively, succumbed to a weird illness. They were engulfed by fits of screaming, uttering strange sounds, fever, erratic running and excessive contortion of body parts. Similar strange symptoms were exhibited by another young girl Anne Putnam. Local doctors were clueless and blamed the episode on supernatural activity. The anxiety generated from the strange activity prompted magistrates John Hawthorne and Jonathan Corwin to examine the afflicted girls and identify the culprits. The girls were pressured by both magistrates to place the blame on three women. These were a homeless beggar known as Sarah Good, a Caribbean slave from Parriss household known as Tituba and a poor elderly woman known as Sarah Osborne. Upon research of the three women, it was only Tituba who confessed to having inflicted evil upon the girl. In her confession, she gave the harrowing description of the devil with explicit instructions of service. Furthermore, she give tongue to that the devil came to her in the image of a black man with a book for her to sign. The book symbolized a contract of service and with the devil for the sole purpose of destroying the Puritans. Moreover, Tituba claimed that in that location were many more witches out there planning to inflict on the Puritans.

Schindler’s List Paragraph Essay Example for Free

Schindlers List separate EssayThis movie gave me the first impression was that everything in the film was black and white. It made me feel demoralise and horrible. The images showed that many innocent Jewish people were killed, and arrested as the cheap labors and slaves by Nazi. I am shock by these inhuman actions during the holocaust. The major character named Schindler goes through the transformation as the result of this holocaust. When he is ceremonial occasion the evacuation ,suddenly a little girl in the red coat apprears in front of him. He sees the person, not the star in front of him, and his perspective has changed. He comes to real numberise that innocent, harmless Jews atomic number 18 real people. From this point on, Schindler becomes less on exploiting the Jews, and more about saving them. So much so that by the end of the film, he wished he had sold his car and Nazi pin for more Jews. He is outset to understand that the Jews are people. They have feelings, fa mily and had very well established lives. I learn a tidy sum from it. We should show our respect to every life.Everyone is deserved right to live. Hurt anyone for no reason is inhuman and immoral. They are real people. Not just workers, names and numbers. Amon Goeth and Schinder seems like friends in business. They have some common similarities and differences that I can figure out. They are two cold hearted. They see the Jews as a simply focusing as a slave labors. They dont recognize them as mortals. They are both self-centred, repress on making money and getting profits as much as possible.They are both womanizers during the war. Even though Schindler isnt a vey nice person, he changed after he opened his eyeball to look at those people around him. From then on that he stops seeing the Jews as a tool to make money , instead he tries to save each and every individual Jew that he can. He has saved more than one thousand Jews during the holocaust by employeeing them in his fac tories. However, Amzom Goeth becomes a conscienceless monster and is executed as a war criminal.

Death Penalty Essay Example for Free

Death Penalty EssayCapital punishment or also known as wipeout penalization is the killing of an individual by a severalise which serves as punishment for committing unlawful actions and retri entirelyion on behalf of the dupes. Several countries such as China, Saudi Arabia, lacquer and the United States have retained this process of executing criminal. Different views regarding this issue have arisen but virtually people especially those governed by religious sectors have went up against the idea of dying penalization.Death penalization has already gained its popularity worldwide. In item, it was often the theme in any debate or even the vulgar conversation, thus lead to the emergence of several arguments which argon in favor and against death penalisation. Implementation of death penalty has several advantages. Death penalty provides closure to the victims families. It was very hard for family members of the victim to forget the traumatic experience and recover for m the loss of a loved one. In fact there atomic number 18 cases that the relatives of the victim do non recover at all. This sort of closure is a great help for the recovery of the relatives. Life in prison is not enough punishment equate to death sentence which gives finality to the horrifying experience felt by the members of the family. In death penalty, legal expert is better served. The primary principle of justice is that a crime deserves an equivalent punishment. Hence, when whatsoeverone brutally murders some other person, he deserves to be put into death. Just like what the code of Hammurabi have stated, an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth. Implementation of death penalty prevents the crime from happening again. If criminals are not put into death, we are not assured that this kind of person would not do such crimes again.On the other hand, death penalty can execute all criminals but there are cases that implementation of death penalty whitethorn include execution of an innocent man. Do you mind an innocent individual will suffer from death? Implementation of death penalty is a good way of obtaining justice but can we betoken it justicekilling an innocent.Another argument against death penalty is that it is arbitrary and capricious. Implementation of death penalty often favours well-off individuals or people who have money. How about the poor ones? Only the rich are able to afford a highly competent lawyer, thus makes the process unfair. Those accused people who are struggling from poverty cannot fix good attorneys thus making their chances of being acquitted very little. condition how unfair it was? Even appealing to court was not possible. There are even cases that convicted wealthy persons pay the judge with a very big amount of money in order to become bring out of death penalty.Death penalty is geographically contingent which that it depends on state to sate. Maybe for this place, death penalty is not implemented but on others it is strictly performed.Death penalty also is racist and classist in nature. Race really makes a big difference when it comes to the implementation of death execution. For an instance, a black kill a white victim. The black will executed 4 times than any other races. distillery racial discrimination is dominant. That becomes a big problem of implementation of death penalty. One cannot avoid feeling at races. Everyone is created equally by a supreme being God hence one mustiness receive equal rights and equal opportunities. Some will surely say that implementation of death penalty can reduce crimes because of the veneration of death. That belief is not true. It is not true due to the fact that some people commit crimes when they are not on the good state of mind. How can they think of fear of death if they cannot think rationally? We have presented both the pros and cons of death penalty. Death penalty is good in some ways but also awful in some other manner. Every valet de chambre has different perspective regarding this social issue. Death penalty may be good for some but some would surely disagree with it. What is important is we respect everybodys opinion.Work CitedGregory, David L. 2000.Legal Arguments Against the Death Penalty. 2 April 2008 http//www.vincenter.org/95/gregory.html.Messerli, Joe. November 11, 2007. Should the death penalty be banned as a form of punishment?. 2 April 2008 http//www.balancedpolitics.org/death_penalty.htm.

Requiment Essay Example for Free

Requiment EssayHealthc atomic issue 18 United aims to be the tote up one provider of Healthcare professionals in Australia. Healthcare United is an system that circulating(prenominal)ly employs 1,500 Healthcare professionals with 2 sites, in Victoria and NSW and seeks to expand its operations and open another(prenominal) office in Hobart. As an organisation our vision is to provide The best qualified and trained human resources available for clients. Up-to-date technology in all services for both clients and staffs. Innovative best practices and procedures from both inside and outside the organisation. Best facilities and procedures in a competitive environment. To address the upcoming needs of organisation, Healthcare United aims to recruit a upcoming 500 or the best possible healthcare professionals available, in three stages, over the next quint years. 2. Executive Summary Healthcare United is a healthcare provider and currently employs 1,500 Healthcare professionals w ith devil sites, in Victoria and NSW. They recently substantial a new strategic plan that involves opening another office at Hobart. Part of their HR plan is to employ 500 workers in three stages.An depth psychology and review of Healthcare Uniteds 2000 and newly mounted 2010 policies and procedures for recruitment and pickaxe mystify been conducted in this cut across. Conclusions have been made from the comparison between the 2000 Healthcare United recruitment and survival of the fittest guidelines and the newly developed 2010 Healthcare United recruitment and survival policy and relevant legislation. Recommendations have been made for the changes necessary to improve procedures and the overall process of Healthcare Uniteds recruitment and selection policies and procedures, based on current research. 3.Purpose of Report The purpose of this report is to review analysis and compare Healthcare United recruitment and selection policies and procedures for the year 2000 and 20 10 for the following 5 key areas Timeframes Personnel involved living train supervise and evaluation Conclusions have been made from the comparison between the 2000 and the newly developed 2010 recruitment and selection policies and procedures. Recommendations have been made for changes to the 2010 policies and procedures to improve the newly developed recruitment and selection policies and procedures at Healthcare United.4. Analysis and criticism Healthcare United 2000 and 2010 Recruitment and Selection Policies and Procedures The following is the analysis and review of 2000 and 2010 recruitment and selection policies and procedures happen upon Area 2000 2010 Timeframe The entire selection process from analyse the vacant position position description cohere an advertisement short-list applicants reference preparation interview applicants reference checks Total 35 to 51 days The whole selection process from analyse the vacant positionposition description lodge an advertiseme nt short-list applicants interview preparation interview applicants reference checks Total 14 to 21 days maximum. Personnel Involved HR department will assume major responsibility for the recruitment and selection of staff, the training of required force and supporting documentation. Managers will support the managers in role. Managers will assume major responsibility for the recruitment and selection of staff, the training of required personnel and supporting documentation.HR department will support the managers in role. Documentation All vacant and new positions will be advertised internally and externally for ten running(a) days unless special exemptions apply and be advertised online and in leading national newspaper. All positions essential first be advertised internally for a minimum of ten working days in the HU newsletter before being advertised externally for a period of ten working days. Training HR department will comport the training for all new employees.Manager wil l hold the training for all new employees. Monitoring and Evaluation HR department will monitor and label each new employee about their work performance. Managers will monitor and evaluate each new employee and report it to HR department about their work performance. It can be noted from both the 2000 and 2010 Healthcare Uniteds recruitment and selection policy and procedures make no reference to all relevant legislation for the recruitment and selection processes.However 2010 policy and procedures briefly mention that Healthcare United is an equal employment opportunity (EEO) employer. 5. Conclusions and Recommendations 5. 1 Conclusions It can be concluded from the analysis and review of 2000 2010 Healthcare United policies and procedures for recruitment and selection processes that 2010 policies and procedures are superior to those of 2000 in all key areas in term of efficiency and effectiveness of the recruitment and selection processes.For example, 2010 policy and procedure en visage a timeframe of maximum 3 weeks which is for efficient in selecting the best view when compared to the 2000 policy and procedures which specify selection processes requiring 35-51 days. Also, 2000 policy and procedure require participant of a large number of HR personnel when compare to 2010 where only the department managers are principally involved with the HR a support role only at all stages of recruitment and selection processes. 5.2 Recommendations It is recommended that the newly develop 2010 policies and procedures for recruitment and selection should be adopted by Healthcare United for its recruitment and selection processes for future employment needs. However, the 2010 policies and procedures should include the provisions of legislative Acts, such as Anti- discrimination and the latest individual congeneric laws and regulations in addition to the EEO laws already included for the recruitment and selection processes.

Abortion Essay Example for Free

Abortion judgeThe example debate about abortion has focused on either the rights of the foetus or the rights of the mother. If the fetus has rights then abortion is im righteous and non permissible. If the fetus does not have rights, then abortion is morally acceptable and permissible. If both the mother and the fetus have rights, then either the rights of the fetus have priority, or those of the mother have priority. If that didnt complicate matters enough, we have those who argue that some fetuses have moral rights objet dart others do not, making abortion sometimes morally permissible and sometimes morally impermissible. The purpose of this adjudicate to argue that abortion is either always morally permissible or it is always morally impermissible, it cannot be both at the same time. There are two main arguments concerning the morality of abortion. One relates to the moral status of the fetus whatever that may be, and the other relates to the muliebritys right to choos e what happens to her body. The moral status of the fetus seems to determine whether or not it has a right to life.On the other hand, the womanhoods right to choose raises concerns about whether or not abortion is always justified. Some arguments adjoin the abortion debate focus on the permissibility or impermissibility of abortion based on how the fetus was conceived primarily rape. Pregnancies as the result of rape seem The main focus should be women who are unwillingly pregnant, because slackly speaking they are the ones seeking abortions.There are rare exceptions, such as a woman who is willingly pregnant, but aborts the pregnancy because it is putting her own life at risk, but that is an entirely unlike argument and will not be discussed here. Instead, we will focus on unwanted pregnancies that are not endangering the life of the woman and how the moral permissibility of aborting these unwanted pregnancies should not rest on how the fetus was conceived.

Developing Good Work Habits Essay Example for Free

Developing Good engagement Habits EssayDuring the early school years, school-age childs must begin to develop good work habits including preparing for schoolwork, organizing era and effort, and growing effective issue skills. As students continue into middle school and high school their success depends, to a large degree, on refining and sustaining these work habits. Time supervisement, organizational skills, and efficient study skills become especially important by this stage. Students who argon able to develop and watch over good work habits are in a position to succeed to key what needs to be learned, and to become confident students. Getting started on assignments in school and at home requires students to engage their attentional abilities. Students must be alert to the parturiency at hand, possibly shifting focus to a new action mechanism, and harbour the mental effort essential to initiate the task. Students who are able to preview, or think about the outcomes of a task before beginning, are economic aided in many ways. They give the sack rescue an idea of what a report will be like once a topic is selected, what materials will be necessary to do an assignment, etc.In addition, students who have a strong sense of step-wisdom make loveing how tasks or activities can be broken down into a series of steps, will be able to determine the first step needed to get started on an assignment. There is an optimal rate for accomplishing most tasks. A competent student is often a well-paced student, playacting at a rate appropriate to the task and available epoch. Taking the appropriate amount of time for a task is largely dependent upon both a students temporal-sequential skills and his/her attentional abilities.Temporal-sequential skills help us interpret, retain, or create information that is in serial invest. These skills are related to a students ability to appreciate time in general and estimate time appropriately. Tempo support (a fac et of attention) helps students regulate the allocation of time to the task at hand, and predict the time required for an approaching task. Tempo control in like manner instills a sense of step-wisdom, the knowledge that it is more effective to undertake activities in a series of steps, rather than all at once.Tempo control allows a student to check out his/her pacing to the demands of a given task, e. g. , to take the right amount of time to finish an essay test, to do a homework assignment thoroughly yet efficiently, etc. For many students, time is their most wanted resource. Making the most of the time they have enables students to be as efficient and successful as possible, jumper lead a balanced life of work and play. A clear understanding of time is required for students to manage their own time effectively, e. g. , plan long term projects, organize schedules, etc.As such, time forethought skills are an important component of a students success in school and beyond. In o rder to meet assignment deadlines and to keep up with schedules related to school and schoolwork, students must engage their temporal-sequential fiat abilities. These skills help us interpret, retain, or create information that is in a serial order. Students with strong temporal-sequential society skills are able to manage their schedules, organize their work, and make efficient use of their time. Such students are also able to avoid procrastination (putting off a task that must be done).For students with weak time management skills, procrastination can have painful consequences, affecting both academic and personal success. In order to complete assignments for school, students must develop their cognitive working capacity. That is, students must learn to initiate and maintain the mental effort needed to complete tasks and activities. The ability to manage ones effort is tight linked to academic productivity and success. A strong capacity for work enables students to delay gratifi cation and to tack through tasks that take considerable energy.It also helps them sustain their effort when information is worthy of attention, even though not immediately exciting, such as when studying a chapter they will be tested on the next day, or reading the instructions for a science experiment. Developing good organizational behaviors can play a key role in efficient school performance. School is much easier for students who know how to organize themselves, their materials, and their work seat. Having effective organizational tactics will continue to be a precious asset throughout a students education and career.Being ready to learn often means cosmos prepared for the next activity, having to shift gears from one task to another, and having all the necessary materials on hand. In order to develop this aspect of learning readiness, students must engage their attentional abilities (especially that of previewing), as well as their entrepot skills. Through previewing, a st udent is able to look ahead and be prepared to deal with upcoming circumstances, challenges, and academic tasks.For example, previewing helps students prepare for a test, get ready for an upcoming class, and smoothly transition from one activity to the ext. In addition, students who preview are able to determine which materials are needed for a task and to hark back to have those materials on hand. As a result, they are better prepared for activities and better able to dramatize through on assignments. Staying organized for school requires a student to have strong spatial abilities as well as a strong memory. To efficiently keep track of school materials and assignments, for example, students must have an internal sense of how things should be organized.In order to follow through on school-related tasks, such as turning in homework and bringing the right books to class, students must be able to remember where these items are, as well as remember to have the items on hand when nee ded Maintaining a good study space is important to every students success. Students must have appropriate environments in which to learn and study, both at school and at home. Setting up and keeping an organized work space requires that students have strong spatial abilities. Such abilities help a student arrange a undifferentiated place for storing school books, organize a desk drawer, keep a desk clear of clutter, etc.

Views on Feminism and Modern Culture Essay Example for Free

Views on wo workforces lib and youthful Culture EssayAccording to Webster Dictionarys, womens liberation movement is the theory of the political, economic, and social e prime(prenominal) of the awakenes (Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2012). So if mavin adhithers to this definition then womens liberation movement is about equality for ALL hinge upones not just fe males. But I think feminism lead astrayed out as a modality for females to revolt against the perceived inequality to the fairer land up and everyplace time evolved into a need for equality of all sexes, race, and ethnicity.As Feminization. Although anabolic steroids are derived from a male sex hormone, men who take them may actually experience a feminization effect along with a decrease in normal male sexual function. . our Declaration of independency takes, We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with received unalienable nears, that am ong these are liveness, liberty and the pursuit of happiness (Declaration of Independence, 1776). So even at the creation of our nation, the gigantic leaders of the time declared equality for all. So if this is true when did this womens liberationist movement begin and why?My melodic theme feminismThe word feminism has many connotations. Some include lesbian, feminazi, man-hater, and baby killer. It is interesting to tubero sit aroundy that all these words convey a negative feeling. will focus on the three flaps of feminist movement and how each, in their own part, contri yetes to the overall progression of the movement. The feminist movement originally started in atomic number 63 (France and the Netherlands) in the late nineteenth century as a campaign for womans right to balloting (About Famous Feminists in History). The modern western feminist movements were divided into three quakes with each wave dealing with a different aspect of the same feminist issues.Before the wom ens liberation movementThe word feminism has many connotations. Some include lesbian, feminazi, man-hater, and baby killer. It is interesting to note that all these words convey a negative feeling. It is rare first wave, during the late 1700s a group of women publically called for equal rights of women, in particular education opportunities. Women, such as Judith Sargent Murray and Mary Wollstonecraft, of middle and upper class were leading the way as menof social station were asserting that all human beings had equal rights by recordand that everyone should have an equal chance of free development as an individual (Klein, 1984, p. 530).But all this babble out appeared to FEMINISMWhat is feminism? By general definition, feminism is a philosophy in which women and their contributions are valued. It is found on social, political and economical equality for women. not apply to women nor mattered to anyone other than White men. Even though women of middle-class acquired more educat ional opportunities in the 1980s, they found that professional opportunities were closed to them leaving them to either sit at home or join voluntary organizations (Renzetti Curran, 2002, p. 13). The first wave of feminism covered a period from 1830 to 1920. At the first international anti-slavery conference in London, women delegates were prohibited from publically speaking and womens libWhat is feminism? By general definition, feminism is a philosophy in which women and their contributions are valued. It is based on social, political and economical equality for women. Feminists were segregated from the men in the conference hall. This outraged many women, including Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, who end to hold their own conference in the United States to focus on womens rights as sanitary as abolitionism (Renzetti Curran, 2002, p. 15). The Womens Rights Movement began on July 13, 1848, when a young housewife/ mother, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, invited four friends t o tea.Stanton expressed her discontentedness on her own limitations and feminismOf what historic and contemporary concern is it that the computer architecture profession has been, and continues to be, strongly male dominated in Australia (currently 90% of registered architects in NSW her friends agreed with her passionately. Within a few days on July 19 and 20, 1848, they found a suitable location in Seneca Falls, New York, to hold a conclave to discuss the social, civil, and religious conditions and of rights of woman (Eisenberg Ruthsdotter, 1998). Led by Mott and Stanton, about 300 women and some sympathetic men adopted a Declaration of Sentiments modeled deliberately after the Declaration of Independence, asthese were patriotic women abstracted to FeminismFeminism was a very political movement during its first and second waves. Thenew Third flap of feminism is quite different from the previous two. These threefeminist share the ideal of improving the new republic. This sen timent enumerated areas of life where women were treated unjustly, listing eighteen grievances, just as their forefathers had in the Declaration of Independence from England (Eisenberg Ruthsdotter, 1998). Over the two-days of shape discussion, the Declaration of Sentiments and 12 resolutions received unanimous endorsement with a few amendments. The only resolution that did not pass unanimously was the call for womens right to suffrage.This was FeminismFeminism Paper The goal of this paper is to describe and analyze gender inequality, focusing on the history of feminist ideas. I will start with a basic overview of the inconceivable to many and brought about heated debates over the womans select rights. Nonetheless, the resolution was accepted by the majority and the Seneca Falls Convention became known as the official drive of the campaign for womens suffrage (Renzetti Curran, 2002, pp. 15-16). Conventions were held annually until the start of the Civil War often drawing over c apacity crowds that people had to be turned away due to lack of sufficient meeting quadruplet (Eisenberg Ruthsdotter, 1998).Feminism InIn A Doll s House, Ibsen yields a view of the world that is irregular to say the least. He breaks from tradition to compose a play that deals Once the Civil War broke out, many activists began to neglect the movement to devote their time and energy to the war effort. But activists like Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Lucy pock, and Sojourner integrity traveled the country lecturing and organizing for the next forty years. The central issue emerging was the right for women to vote (Eisenberg Ruthsdotter, 1998). It was felt by many that the womens hard work during the war effort that the FeminismIS thither ANY CONSISTENCY AMONG THE VARIOUS FEMINISMS OR IS FEMINISMINCOHERANT? Without fear of contradiction one can successfully collate the feminist philosophy, both as a progressively forward-looking movement, and Republican administration would pay them for their wartime support by granting women the right to vote. But not only did this not happen, Congress added a sex distinction to the Constitution by using the word male in the second section of the ordinal Amendment (Renzetti Curran, 2002, p. 16). Angered and disappointed, the feminists took up the fight by going state-to-state calling on two referendums, one to liberate Blacks and one to enfranchise women.In Kansas, their FeminismPhysiological differences provide the material base of status between the two sexes, but it is the determined processes of social practices that transform these sexes into genders. Male and female first state, the Republicans supported the vote for Blacks but not women whereas the Democrats let racism get the better of them and supported womans suffrage. both measures lost at the polls. Feminists were appalled by the blatant hypocrisy and racism (Renzetti Curran, 2002, p. 16) and in May 1869, Anthony and Stanton organize the National mulieb rity Suffrage Association (NWSA) whose sole objective was the right to vote for women and Blacks.Followed in November 1869, FeminismFeminism Feminism can be roughly defined as a movement that seeks to leaven the quality of womens lives by impacting the norms and moves of a society based on Stone, Henry Blackwell, and others formed the American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) (Imbornoni, 2000-2012). In 1890 these two organizations merged to become the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA), pooling their resources to win women the right to vote (Black men were enfranchised in 1870) (Renzetti Curran, 2002, p. 16). After 72 years of campaigning that included thousands of political strategists, capable organizers, administrators, activists and lobbyists (Eisenberg Ruthsdotter, 1998), women finally won the right to FeminismFeminism Feminism can be roughly defined as a movement that seeks to enhance the quality of womens lives by impacting the norms and moves of a soci ety based on male vote with the passing of the 19th Amendment to theConstitution, signed into law by the Secretary of State, Bainbridge Colby, on August 26, 1920 (Imbornoni, 2000-2012). Several activists whose names and accomplishments standout during this first wave and should be remembered in history are Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Matilda Joslyn Gage, Lucy Stone. They were pioneer theoreticians of the 19th-century womens rights movement. Esther Morris, the first woman to hold a judicial position, who feminismMary Wollstonecraft is held as being the first modern feminist. She was born in 1759 to a gentry granger and an unloving mother and is said to have began her led the first successful state campaign for woman suffrage, in Wyoming in 1869. Abigail Scott Duniway, the leader of the successful fight in Oregon and capital letter in the early 1900s. Ida B. Wells-Barnett and Mary Church Terrell, organizers of thousands of African-American women who worked for su ffrage for all women. Harriot Stanton Blatch, daughter of Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Alice Stone Blackwell, Lucy Stones daughter, who carried on their mothers legacy through the next FeminismOf what historic and contemporary concern is it that the architecture profession has been, and continues to be, strongly male dominated in Australia (currently 90% of registered architects in NSW generation. Anna Howard Shaw and Carrie Chapman Catt, leaders of the National American Woman Suffrage Association in the early years of the 20th century, who brought the campaign to its final success. Alice Paul, check and leader of the National Womans Party, considered the radical wing of the movement. Ruth Bader Ginsburg, now a supreme Court Justice, learned the story of the Womens Rights Movement. Today she says, I think about how much we FeminismMary Wollstonecraft is held as being the first modern feminist. She was born in 1759 to a gentry farmer and an unloving mother and is said to have b egan her owe to the women who went before us legions of women, some known but many more unknown. I applaud the bravery and resilience of those who helped all of us you and me to be here today (Eisenberg Ruthsdotter, 1998). The second wave of feminism did not revitalize until the 1960s, aperiod of mass mobilisation for movement both in the United States and abroad. This was activism that appeared in the public consciousness, FeminismIn the past and present women have had to endure sexism as a part of everyday life. This is unfair and unjust to the female species. In this paper fueled by several seemingly independent events of that turbulent decade. In 1961, Esther Peterson, director of the Womens Bureau of the Department of Labor, considered it the governments responsibility to take an active role in addressing discrepancy against women. President Kennedy convened a Commission on the Status of Women, with Eleanor Roosevelt as chair. This commission issued a report in 1963 tha t documented discrimination against women in every aspect of American life.Local and state governments Feminism twain Virginia Woolf, in a speech addressing a graduating all women class, and Naomi Wolf, in her text The Beauty Myth, contemplate feminism from an economic viewpoint. While quickly established their own commissions for women to research and recommend change (Eisenberg Ruthsdotter, 1998). Another element was the publication of Betty Friedans book, The Feminine Mystique, in 1963 which evolved from a survey she conducted for her 20-year college reunion. In this book, she voiced the unhappiness and tedium of White, educated, middle-class suburban housewives. Friedan referred to homes as comfortable concentration camps who found their personal growth stunted. This book inspired thousands of FeminismFeminism And Gender Equality In The 1990s Overall, the rights and status of women have improved considerably in the last century however, gender equality has recently been thre atened within the women to look beyond the role of homemaker for fulfillment (Eisenberg Ruthsdotter, 1998). The federal government took action to draw attention to the problem of sex discrimination and President Kennedy appointed a Presidential Commission on the Status of Women.

Green Mountain Coffee Essay Example for Free

Green grass chocolate tree EssayGreen Mountain chocolate Roasters opened as a cafe in 1981 in Vermont. They roasted their birth drinking chocolate and before long, demand grew and local restaurants and inns began to order their premium roasted cocoa berry as well. Today the Company has extensive wholesale, direct mail and e-commerce operations. Green Mountain Coffee now has a distribution quick-wittedness and two production sites in Vermont, and a manufacturing and w atomic number 18housing facility in Knox County, TN (GMCR.com).GMCRs operations are managed through two none units. The Specialty Coffee business unit produces coffee tree, afternoon tea and hot cocoa from its family of brands, including Tullys Coffee, Green Mountain Coffee and Newmans give birth Organics coffee. The Keurig business unit is a leading manufacturer of gourmet ace- transf example bring on from raw material carcasss and securities industrys its patented single-cup brewing systems for consumers at home and away-from-home. K-Cup portion packs for Keurig Single-Cup Brewers are produced by a variety of licensed brands, including Green Mountain Coffee, Starbucks, and Tullys Coffee (GMCR.com).Keurig, Incorporated, which became a subsidiary of GMCR in 2006, is the second business unit of Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, Inc. Keurig was launched in 1990 by Peter Drag cardinal and John Sylvan, who asked themselves why do we brew coffee by the bulk when we drink it by the cup? From this question, the concept of Keurig K-Cup portion-pack brewing was born. Keurig brewing systems employ a design that utilizes single serving pods of coffee curtilage that the cable car pushes hot water through and into the waiting cup. The result is a fresh, hot cup of coffee that has not been sitting in the coffee pot waiting to be poured. In 1998, after eight classs of development, Keurig released an industrial-strength, single-serve form that delivered a perfect cup of coffee or tea eve ry time.Keurig brewing systems employ a design that utilizes single serving pods of coffee grounds that the machine pushes hot water through and into the waiting cup. The result is a fresh, hot cup of coffee that has not been sitting in the coffee pot waiting to be poured. K-cups are offered in 249 varieties on the Keurig website. Most retail securities industry stores sell several varieties of K-cups. There are two types of Keurig brewers, the K-cup system and the raw Vue brewing system. There are 12 different K cup style brewers. In the take shape of 2012, Keurig released a Vue brewing system that gives the consumer the ability to customize their drink by go more cup size options and by brewing specialty beverages, such as lattes and cappuccinos. To date, there is only wiz precedent of the Vue brewing system available. Competitor AnalysisThe commercialize for single-cup coffee brewers is a fairly new one and has very few companies selling single-cup brewing systems. The mar ket is an oligopoly, with GMCRs Keurig holding approximately 75 perpenny of the US market share (Foxbusiness.com), followed by the Tassimo by Kraft, Nescafes Dolce Gusto and Senseo. The global leader is Nestls Nespresso system with 35 percent, followed by Senseo brewers with 18 percent, and Kraft Foods Tassimo with 8 percent. Green Mountain ranks fourth glob tot aloneyy with about 8 percent (Geller Dalal, 2012). Al just about all of the coffee brewers in the market are priced between $75 and $175. For around $100, the consumer has a choice of a hand full of basic brewers.The single-cup brewers each absorb their own system with pods or cups that work exclusively with their machine. Most of the companies in the market make most of their get from the sale of their coffee as opposed to their machines. Mr. Coffee released a new machine in the fleet that is compatible with Keurigs K-cups specifically to edge in on Keurigs share of the market. It is compatible with Keurigs K-cups and is less expensive to the consumer.The briny competitors in the mainstream single-cup coffee system market in the join States are Keurig, Tassimo, and Senseo. The less competitive players in the market are Mr. Coffee and Nescafe, while Nestls Nespresso is soon the only serious contender in the luxuriously-end market in the coupled States.GMCR invests portentous resources and capital in engineering and research and development in order to keep Keurigs position as the leader in the single-cup brewing market. As a result, they take for a strong and growing portfolio of market-leading, proprietary technology. Keurigs integrated engineering team drives fast and overlord product development in brewers, portion packs, and high-speed packaging lines all three areas that supported Keurigs single-cup system. The engineering team at Keurig includes mechanical, software, and nutritional science, as well as quality assurance and industrial engineering. The companys emphasis on quality prod ucts, easy-to-use features, and innovative technologies has earned Keurig high marks in customer satisfaction.GMCR started distribution of the new single-cup Keurig premium coffee system to office coffee service and aliment service providers in 1998. Keurigs system to gain market share in the office market is to sell machines to distributors and encourage them to give the machines away or lease them for a small fee. The economics of the strategy works for distributors because the real profit is in selling K-Cups. Keurig sells its machines, both to distributors and to individual consumers, at near be and gives the machines away or rents them cheaply to businesses, in order to secure the customers business. They make up the cost in less than six months just on the sales of their K-cups.Keurig has licensed several additional coffee roasters to software gourmet coffee and teas into K-Cups, all of which pay royalties to Keurig based on the number of K-Cups shipped. In addition to off ering Green Mountain Coffee and Newmans Own Organics and Celestial Seasonings Tea brands, which are packaged and interchange by Green Mountain Coffee, Keurig offers several other North Ameri stern K-Cup brands, such as Caribou, Folgers and most recently, Starbucks (Starbucksdrinks.com).The weaknesses of GMCRs Keurig are that the K-cups are not recyclable and create more waste than traditionalisticly brewed coffee, since the cups are do of plastic and aluminum. The company has received some bad press for being not eco-friendly enough. Another significant weakness is that Keurigs strategy relies heavily on selling K-cups. The company makes most of its profit from the sale of coffee. However, in the fall of 2012, two of Keurigs patents expire and other companies will likely begin producing pods that are compatible with Keurig brewing systems. Already, there are useful cups on the market that consumers can buy to fill with the ground coffee of their choice.Tassimo is make by Kraft a nd was first introduced to the market in 2004. There are three Tassimo single-cup brewers currently on the market. Tassimo brewers use non-reusable plastic beverage pods called Tassimo discs (T-Discs), which are produced by Kraft. Each has a barcode printed on its label, which the machine reads to calculate the amount of water, brewing time, and temperature for the specific beverage. The strengths of Tassimos strategy are centered around their uncommon barcode. darn Keurig pods are pre-measured to hand over one amount, no matter how strong or how large you want your coffee, the barcode on the T-Disc tell the Tassimo brewer exactly how to make the perfect cup of the drink in the disc. Tassimos T-Discs also use liquid milk, instead of powdered milk in their T-Discs and is capable of making beverages with frothed milk (Tassimodirect.com). The result is that the consumer can make better specialty drinks, such as lattes and cappuccinos in their Tassimo. Also, the market has already see n the introduction of reusable cups for the Keurig, that the consumer can fill with the ground coffee of their choosing. This is bad news for a company that makes virtually all of its profit from coffee sales. There are also reusable pods for the Senseo. Tassimo is the only system that is protected because of their unique barcode system.The weakness that is holding Tassimo back from taking more market share is the lack of common brands of coffee available in T-Disc form. While Keurig has lots of big name coffees available in K-cup form, Tassimos most known brand available in T-Disc is Maxwell house. A very recent, and concerning, weakness is that Tassimo recalled 835,000 coffee makers in the United States and another 900,000 in Canada after dozens of reports of the brewers spraying hot liquid, coffee grounds or tea leaves (http//www.cpsc.gov). There energise been 140 reports of incidents with the brewers spraying hot liquid, coffee grounds or tea leaves onto consumers, including 37 reports of second-degree burn injuries. This is very bad for Tassimo because when people do internet research to help them decide which single-cup brewer is right for them, this recall is the first thing they will see.Senseo is made by Sara Lee, who recently bought the brand from Philips, and was one of the first single-cup brewers on the market in 2001. Unlike the other single-cup systems, the Senseo uses coffee pods instead of cups. The pods are made of coffee-filter paper and the consumer has the option to use one for a regular strength, or small, cup of coffee or to use two pods for a larger cup, such as a travel mug, or for a stronger cup of coffee.The ability to choose one or two pods is Senseos biggest strength. Reviews from coffee critics consistently give Senseo high marks in flavor and quality when compared to the other popular single-cup coffee systems. Senseos weaknesses are that they have strengthened an unattractive brand image and that they do not have contracts w ith any well-known coffee companies and have very little variety in the coffee pods that are available. They produce 11 coffee blends, all under the Senseo name, for the Senseo brewer (senseo.us). In an interview in February, Sara Lees Executive Chairman, Jan Bennink, told Reuters that the Senseo is a very unsexy machine (reuters.com) and that young people do not want to be associated with the brand. Market AnalysisWorldwide coffee sales peaked at $70.86 billion in 2011. Sales of single-serve packets accounted for $5.75 billion of that, or 8 per cent (Geller Dalal, 2012). The single-cup coffee market grew at a rate 31 percent from 2010. Most Americans who consume coffee are still drinking traditionally brewed coffee. Coffee brewed in a single-cup machine from a pod, K-cup or T-Disc cost more than twice as much as the average ground coffee brewed in a drip coffee maker.There are few barriers to entry into the single-cup coffee market. Companies that already have brand-name recogniti on are more able, and likely, to produce their own single-cup system. One barrier to entry is that there are already some highly recognized names in the market that will make it knotty for an unknown company to compete. Another barrier is the high cost of entry into the market. Developing the technology to create a single-cup brewing system that will take market share from the established players is a frighten off task that will discourage small companies from attempting to move into the market.The most interest potential entrant to the market is Starbucks. In March, 2012, they announced that they will be releasing a single-cup coffee system later this year (Andrejczak, 2012). This is interesting because Starbucks and GMCR struck a deal in 2011 to sell Starbucks coffee in K-cups. The K-cups have been a huge success for both companies. So far, both companies are denying that the release of Starbucks Verismo will negatively touch on the sell of Keurig machines and K-cups. The Veris mo is being marketed as a high-end, high-pressure, specialty coffee system, more similar to the Nespresso than the Keurig and Tassimo, but considering how popular the Starbucks K-cups are, it will be interesting to see how its release affects Keurig and the single-cup coffee market. The Nespresso is worth mentioning in the potential entrants variance because although they have been making single-cup machines for some time, they are only recently trying to grow in the United States market. They are opening small boutiques in major cities, most recently in San Francisco this year, and advertising on major television channels. They market their product as a high-end system, but it will be interesting to see how much of Keurigs market share they take.The substitutes in the single-cup coffee brewer market are traditional drip brewer coffee makers, caffeinated sodas, energy drinks and coffee from a coffee house, such as Starbucks, or from a fast food restaurant. McDonalds has invested a lot of money and advertising in the last atomic number 23 years reinventing their image as a hip coffee shop. Consumers can now get practised coffee and specialty coffee beverages like cappuccinos and frappuccinos through the drive-thru window at a reasonable cost.Suppliers have moderate bargaining power in the market. If companies that produce coffee do not want to perplex their coffee in K-Cup or T-Disc form, that smarts the companies that manufacture the brewing systems. Senseo has no relationship with coffee producers, and it has drastically touch on their business.Customers have moderate bargaining power as well. Most of the pods, discs and cups for the systems are sold in grocery stores or mass merchandisers. If Wal-Mart throws their support behind one of the companies, that company is more than likely going to familiarity growth in sales, while the other companies will be negatively affected. Likewise, if customers decide that they do not agree with the values, cost, et c of one of the companies in the market, they can take their business elsewhere and the loss of sales would hurt the company. However, if they are particular about the brand of coffee that they drink, they are tied to the company that sells that brand in a form that can be brewed in their machine. Keurig is the only machine that sells Starbucks coffee, for example, at least until the Verismo debuts this fall.

Adultery and Society Essay Example for Free

Adultery and Society EssayMuch has already been said about Couples John Updikes controversial 1968 impertinent about the lives and indiscretions of well-off couples play along in the suburban town of Tarbox, Boston. At first glance, the novel may seem like a get international of the mill erotic novel tawdry and titillating, except nonhing more(prenominal). This was, in fact, the common perception that greeted the novel on its debut in 1968, hence its nonoriety as a controversial novel. Much of its hype, however, is non lost, considering the amount of end up adulterous and otherwise that graces the pages of the novel, as well as the forthright manner with which Updike boldly discusses these activities. S brush offdal and notoriety pr steadyted a proper and contextual under base of op eontionsing of Updikes novel, leaving it languishing in literary purgatory. In time, however, with the changes in confederation and modern views on sex, Updikes Couples has, to some d egree, been resurrected and reevaluated with a different post and advert of view. though still shocking in its extensive discussion of adultery and lecherous doings in general, the novel has fin on the wholey emerged from under its tag as a off-colour piece of B-rated publications to become one of Updikes signature novels.No longer viewed as eroticized sensationalism, the novel is this instant seen as a representation of Updikes most striking leitmotif suburban adultery. If not erotica for eroticisms sake, what then is the central thought in Updikes Couples? Such is the question that this paper now intends to answer. This paper posits that John Updikes Couples reflects the collapse of traditional values in the face of modernity curiously in the early 1960s. With the parameters of versedity shattered by the advent of digest control, wealthinessy men and women living the perfect life argon actually lessonly in disarray.Society, despite its elegant and urbane facade, is i n reality rotting away and tediously experiencing a moral decay. The beauty of suburbia and its polished citizens stand in sharp contrast to the breakdown of social norms and propriety. Such is the theme of John Updikes Couples. To taste so, it is obligatory to first tactile sensation into the writer himself, John Updike. Much of his writings reflect his personal opinions, of course, and perceptiveness the writer will most sealedly provide a better contextual understanding of the novel. muchover, it is necessary that a discussion of the era (early 1960s, under the Kennedy administration) be conducted in order to fully relay the peck that give way to the virtuously reprehensible system established by the titular couples. Lastly, this paper shall look into the juxtaposition of aesthetics (the beauty of both the community and the suburban town they inhabit) and the rotten structure of bromide they willingly cling to. These are the significant aspects of John Updikes Couples th at shall be discussed.First of all, who was John Updike? flyspeck is known about Updikes childhood, except that he was born to a middle class Pennsylvania family in 1932. John Updikes inte nap in writing began with his mothers instructions, herself a prolific writer. His mothers influence proved intense and enduring, big(a) him the strength and courage to continue with writing. Despite the positiness of sufficient funds for his education, Updikes talents received recognition and bring in him a full scholarship at Harvard University, where he joined the Harvard Lampoon.Upon graduation, he joined the New Yorker, which make his first story, Friends from Philadelphia, in 1954. The story would soon be followed by several more of his writings, all publish through the New Yorker. By the end of the 1950s, Updike was reaping the fruits of a successful literary career (Pritchard 2000, p. 2). It was not, however, his writing technique that caught the fancy of critics. Though fluid and n ever boring, it is not his efficient style that gained support for John Updike.Unfortunately, his quality of subject matter overshadowed his style of writing, essentially giving way to the controversial tag. Couples is just one congressman of his unique point of view and manner of describing even the most intimate of details (Amidon 2005, p. 51). The mention and candid discussion of sex remained quite touchy, if not only taboo, even as parliamentary law during the 1960s had importantly modernized. The effect of his controversial topics, however, had led to a period wherein his writings were shunned, to a certain degree, and remained misclassified as bawdy erotica.Suburban adultery, a topic most associated with John Updike, is born of his own experiences in grappler with the temptations of sex and desire. The writing of the novel Couples came at a time when he was exclusively conf social occasiond in his personal life, neighborhoodicularly with regards to his espousals. Upd ike was in the middle of a passionate love affair and was, in fact, contemplating register for a divorce. In the end, he decided not to push through with the plan for divorce (Pritchard 2000, p. 119).The topic, therefore, is expound vividly in every(prenominal) scene of the novel, reflecting Updikes own struggle with his inner demons and the destruction of the institution of wedding ceremony before his very eyes. The crumbling of his own marriage proved to be the very basis of Couples. To Updike, a certain degree of the story of a failed marriage is sad magic (Pritchard 2000, p. 124). Extramarital relations for Updike are not erotic, despite the manner with which he describes the sexual activities of his characters in the novel.Rather than titillating, the goal of Updikes prose is to portray the emptiness that these personal matters and adulterous kinds cause. There is no desire to eroticize or sexualize the characters the fancy is to present the weaknesses of their persona lities and the ramifications of unbridled desire. It is not specifically aiming for preaching either, focusing only on the emotional hollowness that gives birth to the seed of want and temptations in the first place. As Updike himself explains, his idea of sex in his literary achievements is uttermost from intentionally erotic.Rather, the idea is to create a portrait wherein sex is a tool it is a means by which Updike indicts the weaknesses of societys moral fiber. As he said of sex in his writings in an interview with CNN, Ive seen it said of my engagement that its anti-aphrodisiac, that it doesnt that my descriptions of sex doesnt turn you on. But theyre not really meant to do that. I mean, sex described in detail is not a turn-on (Austin 1998). Updike is far from a prude, true, yet his writings are not erotic for eroticisms sake.The goal is to present moral weaknesses, not join banality. Unlike the previous accusation of critics, the story of Couples is far from erotic, desp ite its routine use of sexual scenes and explicit activities. The story revolves around the lives of several couples living in an upscale society in Tarbox a fictional suburb dictated in Boston. These young couples live wealthy lifestyles and eat up enough time on their hands to lounge about around. Piet Hanema, for example, is a serial adulterer. He has trysts with Foxy, as well as with several more of the novels women.His decadence is still one of the morally bankrupt scenes in the story. It is not just Piet, though, who experiences a life of immorality and lack of a moral center. The couples engage in wife-swapping activities, such as in the case of the Applebys and the Little-smiths. None of the members of the community are entirely above the erotic rondalla, sending everyone in the community into a moral tailspin. In the end, however, it is Piet and his mistress Foxy who are cast out from the lot. Piet, since the beginning of the novel, is insistent on gaining freedom fr om his marriage.Though initially not bent towards the destruction of his own marriage, in the end, Piet divorces his wife Angela and his thrown out of the apartment with his mistress. As Greiner (1984) points out, lovers are drawn as much to what destroys marriage as to what supports it (p. 146). They are far from completely beyond the trappings of love, hence its effect as a double-edged sword. While it is love that trammel two souls together under the sacrament of marriage in the first place, it is also love or whatever passes for it that successfully questions the sacrament and stands as a threat to its stability.Despite accepting the sacrament of marriage and his chained life, Piet needs and wants room, seeking sex and love from elsewhere despite his wifes presence. There is a need to hone his skills as an illicit lover, and the adrenaline rush of such relationships do exist. And yet despite their illicit activities and immoral actions, Updike refuses to view his characters as villains. They are far from perfect, given their morally unstable relationships, and they are all tottering over the edge of hell with their hypocritical Presybterian lives.None of them truly lives up to the Christian ideals, and they can be described as having their own organized religion the religion of sex and lust. Despite these errors and flaws, however, the characters are not evil per se. They are, rather, personifications of Updikes understanding of suburbia and the moral decay that goes on behind the facade of wealth and propriety. They are weak, not evil, and are notwithstanding caught in the struggle to keep up with the liberal times even with the significant changes in society during this period (Greiner 1984, p. 148).Unfortunately, the highlighting of adulterous Tarbox soon became newlys across every home in the United States. Rather than view the sublime veins incorporated in Updikes novel, it was soon mark sensationalized and controversial. Protests emerged, decry ing Updikes use of explicit words and graphic portrayal of sex. Perhaps most important of these criticisms, however, may be Anatole Broyards criticism of Piet Hanema, noting that there could be no sympathy for a fornicator (Greiner 1984, p. 149). In this the critics see the point of Updikes novel, yet completely miss it as wellTo classify Updikes novel as no more than a potboiler is to ignore its finer and less prominent points. To many, the adulterous activities and their graphic descriptions are the nerve of the novel. looking past beyond such however, is the only way to find the true meaning of Updikes Couples. In the earth of Tarbox, sex is just other ordinary day. Despite their preoccupation with it, sex is not the core of the community. It is, of course, an wry glue that brings various couples together and inevitably unhinges them when the time comes.The characters are simply wandering from one relationship to another, in search not of true love, but of companionship and momentary beauty. Rather than portray the couples as treacherous villains determined to subvert the values of the day, Updike presents them as brats unwilling to succumb to the demands of married life. The central fancy of their lives is fun, and with the end of each day, beyond the trappings of the suburban community, husband and wife find themselves only with the bills, the children, the leftover food and the dishes to wash.To a certain degree, such a relationship is less exciting and not quite as desirable as spending time with the equally bored neighbors (Grenier, 1984, p. 151). The couples, therefore, are far from total villains and much easier to understand as adults with the minds of young children, unwilling accept responsibility yet entirely willing to pursue the cult of fun. To say that they are the product of a determinedly lost propagation is to heap unnecessary blame on the characters. It is not that they preeminently wished for the structure of such a morally repreh ensible situation.The issues in the novel are, in fact, the product of the times. The characters are merely swept up in the current, following the changing values and transitional paradoxs that occur when modernity clashes with traditional values. There are changes in society, with growing wealth and scientific advances, and it is simply not possible to ignore the changes the characters succumb to the call of the ferocious despite their surface urbanity. As mentioned earlier, it is not an innate evilness that Updike wishes to uncover in his Couples.The underlying core is less sinister than what critics and censors of his day had easily assumed. In truth, the story of Updikes novel is no more a potboiler than a thriller. It is simply a portrayal of Updikes own nostalgic view of the changes in society, including the slow deconstructionism of a small town similar to the one he grew up in. Throughout the novel, the tone is largely wistful, reminiscent of a different past. There is so mething in the manner with which Updike contrasts the beautiful town and the rotting away of its core a resounding sigh seems to escape Updikes lips with every word.Much of the storys very core is essentially reliant on the time frame of the novel. Updike pegs it on the early 1960s, under the Kennedy administration. As he himself pointed out, there is no way that the plot couldve existed in a different era. He noted that the action could have taken place only under Kennedy the social currents it traces are as specific to those years as flowers in a meadow are to their moment of summer (Neary 1992, p. 144). There is something specific in the era that Updike particularly takes note of the introduction of the bill and the liberation of women from the yokes of pregnancy.Without fear of pregnancy hanging over their heads, sex outside of marriage becomes a much more realistic possibility. It is what Updike calls the post- lozenge paradise (Sheed 1968), a universe wherein the problem of u nwanted pregnancy no longer exists. Updike describes his characters as wealthier than their predecessors, having been born into an era of relative prosperity. There is no limit to their desire for fulfillment, regardless of the price. They are driven by the id, raised in a tillage of me and supported by the changing society. It is not just Tarbox which is changing.It is far from a microcosm entirely separate from the easing of society. Updike does not portray the suburb as a cancer entirely separate and different from the rest of the country. Rather, the suburb of Tarbox is a representative of many. The characters, themselves generic, are easily interchangeable and quite possibly recognizable in any town across the United States. In this world of change, not omly the couples of Tarbox are transformed. They are part of a larger social transformation, and Updikes focus on their interactions and illicit affairs present his understanding of society (not just suburbia) in general.The c ouples, though seemingly too deviant and unbelievable to be considered general stereotypes, are in fact Updikes definition of the moral breakdown of society. It is not an indictment of suburban life (despite the use of the term suburban adultery). The location of his subjects is more of a realistic portrayal than an unfair indictment. His persuasion is not one of localization. Rather, Updike is presenting the class most affected by the changes in the Kennedy administration, primarily due to their wealth and social status.It is also in this level that the reality of class versus crass becomes most realize. Behind the beautiful homes and educated facades, there is darkness. The players randomly select their next partner, playing a grand, elaborate and ritualistic bet of musical chairs with their neighbors. Play, again, is a significant theme in Updikes novel, being the central concept that drives the couples to pursue sexual adventures again and again. The significance of the time p eriod should not be ignored. Updike describes his characters as the products of national tribulations.Following the nifty Depression and World War II, these young couples find themselves thrust into a new America, one that struggles to keep up the facade of decency while slowly eroded away by modernity and the vulgarity of the new world order. These characters are far from intentionally indecent, however. Their initial goal was to be enveloped in beauty, separate from the staleness of the rest of the nation and the vulgarity that threatens to creep up the morality ladder (Sheed 1968). In the end, however, they find themselves in a vulgarity of their own making, hidden under the sheen of decency and beauty that the suburbs signify.Quoting Updike, the ultimate influence of a government whose taxes and commissions and appetite for armaments set limits everywhere, introduced into a nation whose leadership allowed a toothless moralism sic to dissemble a certain practiced cunning, into a culture where adolescent passions and homosexual philosophies were not quite yet triumphant, a climate still furtively hedonist (Neary 1992, p. 146). The passage describes Updikes view of the world in which the couples were molded. For all their failures and flaws, these characters were but the products of a bigger problem.Society itself, led by the government, was far from the pristine, moral structure it once was. The Applebys, the Little-smiths, the Guerins, the Constantines, the Hanemas and so on are merely the by-products of a flawed era. The destruction of society, therefore, does not begin and end with suburban adultery. It is merely a microcosm of a larger decay one that goes beyond the wife-swapping activities of the inhabitants of Tarbox, Boston. In part, Updikes focus is on the period and the circumstances that give rise to the opportunities for suburban adultery. One significant detail that Updike notes is the introduction of birth control.Whereas the novels of the 19 50s focused on the everyone is pregnant motif, in Updikes novel it is more of an everyone is guilty floor (Greiner 1984, p. 145). Previously, pregnancy outside of marriage was the biggest obstacle for illicit lovers. Physical consummation, after all, could always leave an needed proof in the womans womb. With the introduction of the pill, however, a new paradise is opened to the people, with the characters of Updikes Couples taking full advantage of the situation. These new methods of birth control had, to some effect, liberated the characters from the burdens of pregnancy.Now as long as his mistresses would remain on the pill, Piet would have no problems keeping his affairs in order. No longer would the characters of Updikes novel fear the repercussions of sex outside of marriage, hence the ease with which they gradually ensconce into the abyss of sexual debauchery and adultery. And yet it seems as if this is just the tip of Updikes metaphorical discussion. More than an indictme nt of the potentially evil consequences of birth control (such as the encouragement of promiscuity, perhaps), Updikes inclusion of the pill is less of a reproach and more of a symbolic representationism.It is not the pill per se that drives the characters into the arms of others. It is the slow break-down of society, particularly religion. The pill is merely a tool by which society slowly presents its disintegration. In itself, it cannot be identified as the cause of social decay. Rather, it is a sign of the changing times a symbol of the struggle of the old traditional values to keep up with the changes in the modern world. In Updikes own point of view, the concept of the novel is not really adultery. It is a discussion of the disintegration of society through the disintegration of church.Marriage, after all, is a sacrament. The destruction of marriage, therefore, does not signify the end of a amount alone. It is a metaphor for the slow destruction of the church and its foundatio ns. Sex is the new religion (Greiner 1984, p. 149). With the church crumbling and religion not as reliable as it once was, the characters of Updikes Couples seek comfort and solace from another source. Marriage is not enough to provide the human warmth the characters require. They are not villains, just people trapped by circumstances and incapable of escaping from the needs of the flesh.It is a religion in itself, this search for fun. Quoting from the diadem blurb of Couples, Sheed (1968) notes how one character is supposed to be a priest and the other a scapegoat. In some ways, the idea of a spiritual leader leading the empty towards greater hypocrisy and superficiality is apt for the story. Fred Thorne is identified as the priest, the leader who organizes parties and games for the bored couples. His party on the night of Kennedys blackwash is telling the couples swear to be solemn yet soon revert to their partying ways.In a sense, this invokes a feeling of emptiness, of floati ng through space. These characters have nothing else but their physical selves to cling to. The governments leader is assassinated, God strikes his own church with lightning and society is giving way underground to new bores. In essence, they are free of religious and political encumbrances, only to realize that without these structures there is almost nothing to curtail on to at all. In the end, there is nothing but the warmth that sex provides be it illicit or otherwise giving a physical reality to the world.Without this physical connection, they are lost. The couples move around, combine in their beautiful clothing and beautiful homes. Beyond the facade however, are emptiness and a world of gradual moral decay. Works Cited Amidon, Stephen. Unzipped John Updikes Prose is as Supple as Ever in This Chronicle of a Lifetimes Erotic Exploits. New Statesman, 134. 4724(2005) 51 Austin, Jonathan. His Characters Allow Updike to be put out. CNN. Com, 16 November 1998. Available 27 Ap ril 2008, from http//edition. cnn. com/books/news/9811/16/updike/index.html Greiner, Donald. John Updikes Novels. Athens, OH Ohio University Press, 1984 Neary, John. Something and Nothingness The illustration of John Updike and John Fowles. Carbondale, IL Southern Illinois University Press, 1992 Pritchard, William. Updike Americas Man of Letters. South Royalton, VT Steerforth Press, 2000 Sheed, Wilfrid. Couples. The New York Times, 7 April 1968. Available 27 April 2008, from http//www. nytimes. com/1968/04/07/books/updike-couples. html? pagewanted=1 Updike, John. Couples. NY Ballantine Books, 1999